What is sap, its types and functions

It is known as sap to the liquid substance that is transferred through the conductive tissue of the plants, one of the various types of plant tissues that exist. Plants are able to create their own food source thanks to the creation of the sap. But what forms the sap? The Savia of a plant contains a lot of mineral salts, amino acids and hormones. However, this liquid substance is mainly composed of waterspecifically 98%, although this may vary according to the species.

The sap found in the plants is of two types: Gross Savia and Savia elaborated. The gross sap is characterized by forming at the root and is transported thanks to xylem to the rest of the parts of the plant. After passing through the photosynthesis process, this becomes elaborate sap and is transported by the phloem right in the opposite direction, from the leaves to the root.

It is important to know, to improve the growth of our plants, that the production of sap of the vast majority of the species coincides with times with higher temperatures. Therefore, most of the pruning that are made are given during winter, to avoid the loss of this vital substance for the life of the plant.

Savia is transported by plants driving tissues: xylem and phloem. Each of them is in charge of transporting Two types of sap existing:

• Gross Savia: It is the liquid substance created after the absorption of water roots and mineral salts. This is transported from the roots to the leaves by the woody vessels.
• ELABORATED SAVIA: It is the result of the transformation of gross sap after the process of photosynthesis. This is transported in the opposite direction, thanks to the phloem, carrying the food by the conductive vessels from the leaves and the stem to the root through the vessels. The elaborated sap is the true food of the plant, since it contains not only water and mineral salts, but also sugars and phytoregulators.

These are the main functions of the sap:

• The main function of the sap is to nurture the plant for its correct development and operation. Here you can learn a lot about the nutrition of plants.
• The sap is in charge of transporting microelements and macroements to the leaves so that photosynthesis can be performed and thus take food to all parts of the plant.
• This substance, after being converted into a sap elaborated not only serves as food to the plant itself but also is a source of food for animals and even for the human being. In fact, there are some types of sap produced by different species of plants that are also used for their medicinal properties. For example, the birch sap is quite known to this.
• Thanks to the sap, the plant can improve its own thermal regulation through the perspiration of this by the leaves and the plant of the plant.

The way in which The Savia of a tree reaches the glassbeing transported against gravity, it is achieved thanks to the Xilema. Through this duct, water and mineral salts captured by the raticular system of the Tree of the Earth itself are transported to finally reach all parts of the plant, including the Tree Cup.

The managers Savia transport are The xylem and the phloem. The gross sap that passes through the xylem performs a long journey up to all the points of this to offer the necessary nutrients to the leaves, which are responsible for performing most of the photosynthesis and thus turning it into elaborate sap, is that very rich in carbohydrates. This is transported by the phloem, the other duct in charge of ensuring transporting nutrients. Finally, this elaborate sap will make the opposite route to take the food to the rest of the plant. From the root, through the trunk, the branches and leaves that cover the cup.

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