Earth Summit: What is, agreements and objectives

The Earth Summit, formally known as United Nations Conferences on the Environment and Development (CNUCED)is a International Meeting in which heads of state of all countries of the world participate, with the aim of reaching agreements focused on a PROGRESS IN THE ENVIRONMENTsustainable development, climate change, biodiversity, health, waste management, and other related issues.

Among the different peaks of the land that have taken place throughout the twentieth century, the most prominent was the summit of the land held in the city of Janeiro Rivercarried out from June 3 to 14, 1992, also colloquially known as “Río-92”. Representatives from 179 countries participated in this global conference, including people linked to politics, diplomacy, science, journalism and about 400 NGOs.

This massive effort to find a balance as optimal as possible and the least impact of socio-economic human activities in relation to the environment, was a great milestone for international relations and in the development of international law.

In the next sections of the article we will deepen the different agreements and objectives that were specifically proposed in the Earth Summit “River-92”which meant the largest meeting of heads of state and government held to date.

Focused on environmental issues directly related to health, air pollution, waste management, housing, management of different ecosystems of the seas and mountains, as well as the management of water resources and the sanitation and water treatment of water, the management of agriculture and desertification; The Earth Summit “River-92” presented great agreements to face these and more related issues. Between sayings Earth Summit Agreements stand out:

• Rio statement about the environment and development: It raised possible solutions to different types of environmental problems, including the reduction of the production of those products that are toxic and pollutants for the environment and the survival of living beings, the increase in the use of non -polluting and renewable energies; Promote, by governments, effective public transport systems, (thus reducing CO2 emissions and atmospheric and acoustic contamination), as well as aware of the importance of water saving, taking into account the shortage of drinking water that many countries of the world already suffer.
• Agenda 21: with the proposal of 21 measures focused on sustainable development and the consequent creation of the Commission on Sustainable Development. Learn more about this topic in this other ecology article about what is Agenda 21: summary and objectives.
• Forest and Forest Principles Agreement: It implies an authorized statement (without compulsory legal force), in which a series of principles are collected in order to achieve a world consensus regarding the management, conservation and sustainable development of any type of forests.
• Proposal of the Framework Convention on Climate Change: with the objective of raising awareness of the world’s population of the different problems associated with the phenomenon of climate change.
• Agreement on Biological Diversity: This important agreement establishes various measures for the conservation of biodiversity on a global scale, as well as for sustainable, fair and equitable use, both of the elements that compose it, and of the benefits that result from the use of its genetic resources.

The Earth Summit “River-92” invited citizens of every corner of the planet to settle the fundamental bases of a world focused on Prosperity, peace and sustainability. To do this, different objectives of the Earth Summit and action points of great interest and importance, such as:

• The commitment of the governments of the countries participating in the summit in favor of sustainable development, thus guaranteeing the needs of the generations present without compromising the resources that will have future generations.
• The balances and balances between the difficulties and the advances arising to date were studied and analyzed, in relation to the environmental, legal, political and social issues established in the previous summits of the Earth.
• The model economy was proposed as an economy centered both in favoring sustainability and eradicating the poverty of the world.

Thus, from the First Summit of the Earth of Stockholm (1972) Until today, New York Climate Action Summit (2019) International summits have continued to continue improving these aspects related to the environment, as well as society, economy, politics, and so on.

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