Water supply is a serious problem in many areas. As a result of climate change and a systematic waste of that valuable and limited resource, there are more and more areas that suffer from extreme events, that is, chronic droughts and periods of heavy rains, affecting the water supply for industrial, agricultural and residential use to the point of forcing constant cuts and restrictions.
In addition to constituting a scarce resource to a greater or lesser extent, and always of great value, if something characterizes water is that it is necessary and essential. However, when the water resource is insufficient, it becomes an inaccessible luxury, making it necessary to resort to efficient environmental water collection strategiesas we show in Ecology Verde.
Storing rainwater
When there is an irregularity of rainfall, it is interesting to take advantage of these periods of intense rainfall for Capture and store rainwater. In homes, the same downer system is usually used to direct rainwater to a collector, which can be from a barrel of water to a cistern (conventional or flexible, exterior or external) or container of any other type, such as those made for this purpose or, for example, a small pond or algibe.
If it is necessary to collect a significant amount of water, superior to that necessary for domestic use, there are different large -scale rain capture systems, public works that adopt different forms according to budgets, weather and land conditions.
Some cover a slope on a hillside in order to channel the water towards deposits that are normally buried to take advantage of space and also the same force of gravity to make it reach the deposits. Its use is common as an alternative to the expensive treatment of seawater and other waters not suitable by the presence of heavy metals or other pollution.
Draindrops or cistern ecomuro are very ingenious inventions with similar purpose. Both collect rainwater using plastic bottles for storage, but while the first one does it through a gutter that is distributing it, the tank ecomure creates a system of modules with PET containers (it is interesting to see the video) that, as its own name indicates, form a wall -shaped deposit.
Collect air water
Water collection from the fog is performed on a large scale extending large panels, banner type, manufactured with a material that catches the moisture of the air. From that capture, drop by drop is channeled, so it is a method that requires very efficient materials to offer minimally interesting results.
It is a great potential method in areas with high environmental humidityalthough as technologies it must still improve a lot. Even so, it is already obtaining good results. To get an idea, a large collector, about 40 m2 produces around 200 liters per day, with a very irregular production. In the best days they get to collect even in which up to 1,000 liters are collected.
Taking advantage of the low clouds (fog) can through a small collector made of a fine lattice to catch the droplets and lead them to a container can offer interesting results for domestic use. We will find simple gadgets, and we can even make them or, if we want avant -garde and even home control technology, the market offers us solutions that seem rather science fiction.
Giving the time movement, the calls “GERIA” They are traditional constructions that we find on the island of Lanzarote to protect crops and catch environmental humidity. They are carried out in the field to protect the vineyards of the wind, with the double advantage that the environmental humidity is also captured during the night and filters towards the earth.
There are many constructions that seek to take advantage of dew water, but there are few as old and ingenious as the so -called Zibold condenserof Ukrainian origin, which took advantage of the condensation of dew in the hot stones. When cooling, it was simply channeled, but we keep in mind that, in general, rainwater is low in minerals, so you have to monitor this aspect in long -term consumption.
COLLECTION OF ESCORRENY WATERS
As a complement or alternative to the collection of rainwater, it may be interesting to resort to runoff water collection systems, from Temporary channels that are created when there are torrential rains and floods or snow melts. They are usually stored in balsas and large capacity storage tanks, and their subsequent use usually requires an electric pump.
Another option is the Groundwater collection. If at the industrial level it implies previous survey, drilling through different systems and a series of works that have little to do with the traditional well, although the essence is similar, although it will be carried out by excavating at greater depth and with a rather lower diameter.
Its artisanal construction dates back to ancentral times, normally on easy -to -drilling and stone or stone, in the style of Arab wells. It can be combined with the construction of a pool, pond or surface deposit such as other ways to take advantage of it.
Finally, the barren or the solar oven They are suitable if our goal is to purify sea water for particular consumption, an invention of the Italian Gabriele Diamanti that is invaluable help for communities with limited resources.
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