Sand storm: what is it, how it is formed and consequences

A sandstorm is a Meteorological phenomenon in which the Movement of large amounts of sanddust and other particles is produced by the action of strong winds for a more or less prolonged time.

This phenomenon is also called “sand storm”, “Dust storm” or “Polvareda”. Sand storms are common weather disasters, especially in Arid and semi -arid regions. The sandstorm can last from a few minutes to several hours, depending on the force of the wind and the amount of sand available. During this time, The sand is carried by the wind at high speedsometimes hundreds of kilometers per hour. The impact of sand particles on exposed surfaces, such as buildings, vehicles or even human skin, can be abrasive and cause damage.

One of the most notable characteristics of a sandstorm is the decreased visibility. The dense cloud of sand particles reduces sunlight and can darken the sky to the point that it seems that it is night. With a very limited visibility, it is extremely dangerous to travel or drive during a sand storm, since it is difficult to distinguish potential objects and dangers along the way.

Sand storms are formed due to a combination of atmospheric and geographical factors.

1. First, an area is needed with Dry and loose soilsas The desertswhere the sand is exposed and can be lifted by the wind. The lack of vegetation and the absence of a protective coverage allow the wind to easily grab and drag the sand particles in the air.
2. In addition, the presence of strong wind currents To create a sand storm. These winds are usually associated with weather systems such as cold fronts or convective storms. When the wind blows through desert areas, it can accelerate and create a power of powerful air that lifts the sand from the ground.
3. He sand lifting process It is known as “deflation“The wind Blow rush and push sand particles up. If the particles are small and light enough, they can be transported at considerably long distances by the wind. As the wind intensifies, more sand particles are dragged and a cloud of dust in the air begins to form.
4. As this Cloud of dust grows and moves With the wind, it becomes a sandstorm. The amount of sand and wind speed determine The intensity of the sand storm. Stronger storms can generate extremely powerful wind bursts, capable of causing significant damage to structures and obstacles.

It is important to highlight that sand storms are not static events. The shape and size of the dust cloud can constantly change as the wind varies in speed and direction. Sometimes, sand storms can move along hundreds of kilometers, affecting vast areas and altering the geography of the landscape.

We invite you to read about the desert ecosystem: characteristics, flora and fauna.

Sand storms can cause serious damage to the environment, health and even society. We can mention the following as the most frequent damage:

• Visibility is completely nilso it is impossible to move safely.
• You can start the soil surface layerdragging it elsewhere.
• It can be a carrier of infectious microorganisms. For example, meningococcal meningitis, which is a bacterial infection, affects the membranes that surround the spinal cord and the brain, causing brain damage and, if it is not properly treated, death in 50 percent of cases. In the famous “meningitis belt” located in parts of the sub -Saharan Africa, this infection outbreak occurred frequently.
• Is related to environmental conditionssuch as dust content, low humidity, moment and place of infection.
• The damage to the mucous membranes of the nose and throat It can cause bacterial infections, which can be exacerbated by the iron oxide content in the sand.
• Sand particles erode surfaces and cut the skin. Just as they can enter our body through the mucous membranes, they can also make small cuts anywhere in the skin. In the same way, they can wear out the surfaces of buildings, statues, etc.

Many dust storms are so large that they can be seen in photographs taken by satellites. The strong air currents carry the dust in suspension to other places where there are rainfall, causing the rain drops to stain the ground, so it is said that the earth drops.

When you are in the middle of a sand storm, it is crucial to take measures to protect and minimize the associated risks. Here are some practical recommendations to keep safe:

• Search for refuge in a closed place: Whenever possible, seek refuge in a solid building or in a closed vehicle. These places provide protection against suspending sand particles and reduce the risk of injuries.
• Protect yourself from dust inside: If you are in a place affected by a sandstorm, be sure to seal the doors and windows with wet rags to prevent the dust from filtering inside. If you have ventilation systems, apágalos or use them in recirculation mode to avoid dust entry.
• Use protection glasses: During a sandstorm, sand particles can be carried by the wind and cause irritation or eye injuries. Wear tight protective glasses or wrapping sunglasses to protect your eyes. Avoid rubbing your eyes, since you could get worse any irritation.
• Mouth and nose covers: Protect your airways covering your mouth and nose with a mask, handkerchief or any clean and breathable cloth. This will help filter sand particles and to prevent dust inhalation. Make sure you are well adjusted to avoid the entry of sand.
• Avoid driving or walking outdoors: During a sandstorm, visibility is drastically reduced, which makes dangerous or walk outdoors. If you are in a vehicle, hold in a safe place, turn off the lights and wait for the storm to pass. If you are walking, look for refuge in a closed place and wait until the storm dissipates.
• Stay informed: Follow the weather updates and instructions of local authorities. Pay attention to sand storms and take the necessary precautions. If you are in a region prone to sand storms, maintain essential supplies such as water, non -perishable foods and flashlights in case of emergency.

If you want to read more articles similar to Sand storm: what is it, how it is formed and consequenceswe recommend that you enter our category of meteorological phenomena.