To understand how pollination of plants with flower works, it is necessary to know in detail each of the carpels that make up the Gynece or female sexual part of flowers. We will talk about What are flower carpels and their functionas well as its parts and types so that, thanks to ecology, your knowledge of basic botany. Do not worry if you do not recognize some of the specific terms to name the parts of the flowers, in this article we review the basic terminology so that, little by little, you are also able to use properly and thus it is much easier to continue learning a little more from the world of plants every day.
What are carpelos and where are they located
Carpels are called to Modified leaves that make up the female reproductive part of flowers. In fact, when we talk about Gynece We are referring to Carpelos set. Gynece, also called pistilis in charge of the production of female gametes. Here you can learn more about gynece: what is, parts and function.
In addition, carpels close on themselves in order to create cavities that protect both the reproductive organs, as is the case with the flower ovary, and to store the seeds so far ideal for their expulsion. This will depend on the type of classification.
Likewise, we will differentiate the angiosperms plants for having fused carpels capable of creating a protective structure that surrounds the ovary and gymnosperms plants whose carpels appear open and separated leaving the ovary exposed and unprotected.
The carpels are located About the flower receptacle. This widening of the peduncle, also known as Tálamois where the carpels are as many as other parts of the flower as the chalice or the corolla.
Parts of carpels
As we have already mentioned, carpels are the modified leaves in charge of forming gynece or pistil. In this way, we can differentiate:
- Ovary: This is the fertile region of carpel. Here are the Seminal or ovules primordios that, in turn, are subject to the placenta. It is recognized by being the widest part that can be formed both by a single carpel or by several merged.
- Style: Its function is to connect the stigma with the ovary. It is recognized for being a tubular projection as a corner. As a curious fact, not all carpels have style. In this way, we talk about stigma sitting when the carpet lacks style.
- Stigma: Upper whose main function is to capture pollen grains. To achieve this, it can occur with various modifications depending on the type of flower. Thus, we find stigmas with hairs or capable of segregating substances so that pollen adheres more easily.
Types of carpels
Each type of flower has a number of carpels. In this way, we find flowers with a single carpel or formed by several. Thus, we distinguish between Unicarpelar flower of bicarpelar flower if it consists of two carpels, tricarpel if it consists of three, tetroparpelar if it consists of four or pluricarpelar flowergenerally when they have more than one. In fact, these same qualifiers also apply to differentiate the types of gynece.
Similarly, it should be understood that carpels can appear both soldiers to form a single pistil or set of female sexual organs, as separated and even in groups. We talk like that about apocardy gynece when it is made up of independent carpels, characteristic of angiosperms, and syncárpic gynece when carpels are soldiers.
Function of carpels
The main function of carpels is ensure plant reproduction. In this way, the gynece, the carpel itself in the case of flowers that only have one or the set of carpels in the case of flowers that have several, is responsible for produce and protect ovules For the future creation of seeds that give rise to a new individual. In addition, they also fulfill a Dispersion function that ensures that the seeds spread until they reach optimal land for growth.
As before we have talked about the parts of the carpels, we can also highlight the specific functions of each of them.
- Ovary: formed by one or several carpels fulfills the function of creating and protecting the ovules already pollinated to become a fruit. This fruit will keep the seeds inside to ensure the reproduction and dispersion of the species. Likewise, the ovary is able to modify once fertilized to favor the dispersion or adhesion of the same optimize to the maximum the climatic agents and pollinating animals that have been attracted to the flower.
- Style: This tubular structure fulfills the function of joining the ovary and stigma. When stigma receives pollen is style, it is responsible for transporting it to the ovary through the policy tube.
- Stigma: Its function is to receive and capture the male or pollen gametes. As we have already mentioned, it is able to present various modifications ranging from the production of substances that favor or the appearance of hair to favor the adhesion of pollen grains.
As you have already learned much more about what carpels and their functions are, we encourage you to continue learning about the plants reading these other articles on the reproduction of plants and parts of the flower and their functions.
If you want to read more articles similar to Carpelos: What are and their functionwe recommend that you enter our biology category.
