Venezuela’s flora and fauna

These are the main characteristics of flora and fauna Venezuelan:

• Venezuela has an area of ​​912,050 km2 and is a country that is located in northern South America, above the line of Ecuador. It is considered as part of the group of megadiverse countries of the United Nations Organization since 1988, because it has a great biodiversity.
• Its territory is divided into nine great natural regions with their respective sub -regions. The regions of Venezuela are: Insular Region, Coriano System, Lake Maracaibo, Los Andes, Central Cordillera, Eastern Cordillera, Deltaic System, Los Llanos and South of Orinoco, La Guayana.
• Throughout its territory there is a wide variety of ecosystems, this wealth makes it the seventh country in the world with greater biodiversity.
• The lands of Venezuela are crossed by the Orinoco River, the third largest river in the world.
• Geographically occupies very varied biotic and climatic regions, in which are the Delta of the Orinoco River, the Amazon jungle, the Andean Altiplano, the Caribbean coast, Pampas Pampeanos, a part of the Guayanese and deserted massif.
• Climate variability in Venezuela makes this country so diverse. As for precipitation, it goes from 400 mm per year in coastal areas to more than 4000 mm in southern Venezuela, and temperatures that range in a range of less to 30 º C approximately. According to the Koppen classification, these types of climates are given: arid desert tropical, tropical semi -arid, tropical of savanna, monzonic tropical, monzonic tropical, jungle tropical, temperate of high rain, temperate of height, height and glacial tall.
• Venezuela also has a wide variety of soil types as a result of the existing flora, the type of weather, the relief and rocks of the area. Among them are the soils entisoles, vertisoles, inceptisols, ultisoles, molisols, oxisols, aphys, alfisoles, and histosoles.

It is about 30,000 species of plants that inhabit the Venezuelan lands, of which it is estimated that 38% are endemic species, that is, they are unique to this country. Mainly you can talk about four different types of vegetation: thickets, primitive vegetation with lichens and mosses, grasslands and forests.

The Typical Flower of Venezuela It is found The orchidand in their territory up to 1,632 types of orchids can be identified, mainly in cloud forests areas. On the other hand, the tree declared a national tree among Venezuela’s vegetation is The Araguaney or also known as cañahuate or yellow guayacán, characterized by its yellow flowers. The throbbingor also known as Frailejones, it is also found in Venezuela, in the Andes.

The plant of cocoa It is also typical among Venezuela’s plants, there are three different varieties: trinitarian, Creole and stranger, the latter being a mixture of the first two. Cocoa has always been export product to other countries.

Venezuela’s fauna just like flora is very rich in species. These are some data on animals from Venezuela:

• As for bird species, it is estimated that there are approximately 1,364, among them 48 are part of the endemic fauna of Venezuela. As National Animal of Venezuela is the Turpiala bird with a beautiful plumage of black and yellow or orange colors.
• On the other hand, in terms of the number of marine and freshwater species, this is greater than 2,000.
• There are also about 363 species of mammals and among them it is Capibara or Capinchoconsidered as the largest rodent in the world inhabiting the coasts of the Orinoco, or The toninaa large cetacean, which lives in the Orinoco basin. There are also Dolphins and whales And, in addition, there are many species of primates that are in Venezuela, but the most common is The howler monkey. Just as there are great cats like The Puma or the Jaguar. In addition, among mammals, one of the country’s endangered species is The manateelocated in the lower area of ​​the Orinoco River and its Delta.
• As for Invertebrate species It is estimated that there are: 1,600 species of butterflies, 39 of flies, 120 beetles and 900 marine molluscs.
• Among reptiles stand out Snakes and crocodiles.

We encourage you to continue discovering Venezuelan fauna with this other article on 22 animals in danger of extinction in Venezuela.

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