Water is one of the fundamental elements that allowed life to take place on earth. The earth is also called the blue planet because more than three parts of the surface are covered with water, liquid water. But on Earth there is not only liquid water, we can also find it in solid state such as ice or in the air in a gaseous state. In fact, it is thought that the water on Earth came from the comets that collided with our planet and were formed by ice. Next, in ecology, we will explain What are the physical states of children for children.
What is water
Water is formed by two basic elements: hydrogen and oxygen. Each water molecule contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen. Depending on the provision of atoms In the space and links they have with other water molecules, it can be found in different states: solid, liquid or gaseous.
Naturally, water can be found in its three different states. Depending on the temperature of the environment and atmospheric pressure, water can be found in one way or another and also in different quantities and proportions. For example, in polar and colder areas there are more ice and in temperate areas, water is in liquid form. Next, we will explain which are the different states of water.
Water states
The Water states are the following:
- Liquid: It is the state of water at room temperature, that is, Between 0 and 100ºC. We can find liquid water in the rivers, lakes and seas, the rain and also the one we consume in our homes.
- Solid: When the water freezes ice and this occurs to 0ºC and lower temperatures. Naturally we can find ice on the icebergs, the mountains or forming the hail. We can also get ice if we introduce liquid water into the freezer and also using different molds we can get ice with many different forms. Here we give you information about hail: what is, how it is formed and types.
- Water vapor: When the temperature amounts to 100ºC or more Liquid water is transformed into gas and shape what we call water vapor. This happens when we put a pot with boiled water or can also happen naturally as in hot springs or geysers.
Water status changes for children
Now that we know the different states in which water can be found we will explain what are the processes that make that the water changes from one state to another.
- Fusion: It is the change from solid state to liquid state. It occurs when the temperature is increased. The exact temperature at which the change from solid to fluid occurs is known as melting point. The merger occurs, for example, when we melt an ice or naturally, when summer and mountains arrives, they stop having ice and snow.
- Solidification: It is the opposite process and occurs when liquid water passes to the solid state transforming into ice. It occurs when temperatures descend, such as when winter arrives and the surface of the high mountain lakes are hie.
- Evaporation: It is the change from liquid to gaseous status and occurs when the temperature rises. It only talks about evaporation when it occurs on the surface of the water, however, when the volume of water occurs, vaporization is called. The temperature at which the change of gas fluid occurs is called boiling point. Evaporation can be given naturally in large masses of water such as seas or can also occur in living beings (for example, when we sweat) and in that case we talk about evapotranspiration.
- Condensation: It is the passage from water in a gaseous state to liquid water. It occurs when the water steam cools quickly and precipitates in liquid form. This phenomenon is the one that produces the clouds, where the steam from the evaporation of the sea surface amounts to areas where the temperature is very low and is transformed into small drops of water that when they accumulate form the clouds. The dew that appears in the winter mornings also occurs in the same way.
- Sublimation: It is the change from solid to gaseous state, without going through the liquid intermediate state. It occurs especially in the poles or in very cold areas where the ice evaporates or volatilizes directly by the action of the Sun. This process also occurs in the atmosphere we have at home, which are in solid state inside the boat and leave in the form of gas.
- Inverse sublimation or crystallization: As the name implies, it is the process contrary to the previous one, it is the passage from gas to solid without going through the liquid state. It occurs when the ambient temperature is very low, as on the cold winter nights where frost or frost occurs.
If you are interested, in the following article you can discover how the clouds are formed.
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