Araucarias or coniferous trees: types, names and characteristics

The conifers They are a type of plant that is mainly characterized by produce seeds that develop inside a cone -shaped protection that is called the estrobil. These strobiles, commonly known as pineapplesThey show widely diverse sizes and maturation times, which can go from a few months to three years. Some of these seeds are so protected inside their estrobiles that they are capable of supporting very hard conditions, such as extreme temperatures, both cold and heat, and large droughts. These trees almost always show trunks straight and there are a great variety of sizes among their species. The famous Secuoya is the largest species to date, with heights recorded above 100 meters.

They are especially dominant in The taigasthe Boreal forests of the northern hemisphere, which cover most of the interior territory of Canada, Alaska, Norway, Russia, Sweden, Finland and even a good part of Japan. In these other Ecology post, we talk about what the taiga, its definition and characteristics and the boreal forests, its characteristics, flora and fauna are talked about.

They are a type of Very old plantswhich can be found on our planet for no less than 300 million years. Most of them, although not all, are trees and shrubs with needle -shaped leaves, dark green and resin covers.

In the following sections we will know the types, names of several species and the use of conifers in gardening and their basic care.

Coniferous or Araucarias according to botany classification can be divided into several orders:

ARAUCARIALS

The Arauarial cover two families, the araucariacea and podocarpaceae. The first are trees of great longevity, with high amounts of resin and conical cup, with erect cones and large seeds. Podocarpaceae have trees of about up to 60 meters and also some shrubs, both of very simplicated female estrobils.

CUPPRESALES

Cupressals cover families Cuppressaceae, taxaceae and scsiapityaceae. The coniferous Cupressaceae are dioic or monoic trees and bushes, with woody and bracts of strong welding. The Texaceae are shrubs and dioic trees, with strong and wide trunks and completely horizontal branches, without resin ducts. Their seeds spread thanks to birds, which they attract with a colorful carnary arilo. Finally, the ScadoPityaceae has a single unique species of Japan, which is currently considered a living fossil.

Pinals

Finally, among the Pinals, the Pinaceae familyusually known as pines. They are trees with resin channels and needle -shaped leaves, with markedly woody female cones. They are the most representative and known conifers.

These are the names of some of the main coniferous, coniferous or araucaria species:

• Sequoia Sempervirens or secuoya.
• Pinus sylvestris or wild pine.
• Pinus Aristata o Colorado pine.
• Pinus Cembroids, pinion or piñonero tree.
• Abies Koreana or Korea fir.
• Juniperus virginiana or juniper of Virginia.
• Juniperus chinensis or juniper of China.
• Dolabrata Thujopsis or Hiba.
• Chamaecyparis Lawsonian or cedar of Oregon.
• CHAMAECYPARIS OBTUSA or false hinoki cypress.
• Thuja Orientalis or you oriental.
• Taxus Cuspidata or Japanese Tejo.
• Podocarpus nivalis or mountain totara.
• Japanese cryptomeria or Japanese cedar.
• Cedrus Deodara or cedar of India.
• CUPPRESUS MACROCARPA or monterrey cypress.
• Atlantic cedrusbluish cedar, Atlas cedar, silver cedar or Atlantic cedar.
• Juniperus oxycedrusthe red juniper or juniper of the Miera.
• Araucaria Araucana, toVIDA, PEHUÉN, PINO ARAUCANO, PINO ARAUCARIA, PATAGONIC PINE OR ARMS PINE.

To learn more about coniferous or araucarias trees, we recommend reading this other ecology article about coniferous forests: characteristics, flora and fauna.

They tend to be very resistant species. Because of this already valued that result for their aesthetic forms, they are very popular in gardening. In addition, some species of dwarf conifers, such as dwarf pine or Pinus PumilaThey can grow in quite small spaces. Follow these tips for Care of bushes and coniferous trees in gardening.

• In your care, it is important to know how the coniferous irrigation. It is in spring when they need a greater contribution of water, making a minor amount necessary when summer arrives.
• They are advised to fertilize them periodically so that they develop as well as possible: we make special emphasis on the recommendation of the Organic and ecological fertilizerssuch as the earthworm or the Bokashi. Therefore, in these gardening guides we explain how to prepare them at home easily: how to make earthworm and Bokashi or Bocashi compost: what it is and how to do it.
• Finally, conifers require some attention in regard to their pruning, especially in the field of gardening. It is necessary control the size of araucarias with pruningif it is intended to keep the aesthetic balance.

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