Biodiversity in Peru: characteristics and importance

The Flora and wildlife of Peru Each of the country’s corners flood of life and color. At present, Peru has 2 marine ecoregions and with 9 terrestrial ecoregions Well differentiated, according to the predominant bioma in each of them. Thus, each of these ecoregions presents a specific wild flora and fauna, which are adapted to live in a concrete ecoregion instead of doing so in another. Let’s look at some Examples of the flora and fauna of the ecoregions of Peru To know better his wonderful biodiversity. In addition, in some of these examples you will find links to Ecologiaverde articles that will help you expand this information.

• Cold sea of ​​the Peruvian current: phytoplankton of the genus Endophyton – Blue whale (BALENAPTERA MUSCULUS).
• Tropical Sea: Colorado mangrove (Rhizophora Mangle) – frigate bird (Magnificens furrow).
• Coastal desert: air carnation (Tillandsia Latifolia) – Coast journey (genre Bothrops).
• Equatorial Dry Forest: Algarrobo (Prosopis Pallida) – Colorado deer (Mazama Rufina).
• Pacific tropical forest: American cedar (Cedrela Odorata) – Pacific howleler monkey (ALLOUATA PALLIATA).
• SERRANÍA Esteparia: myth or Andean papaya (Carica Candicans) – giant armadillo (Maximus prixes).
• Puna: Yareta (Compact Azorella) – Andean Condor (Vultur Gryphus).
• Páramo: Páramo romero (Dipostephium rosmarinifolium) – giant picaflor (Patagona Gigas).
• Yungas: Lobster clamp (Heliconia genre) – Peruvian rock cock (Rupícola Peruvianus).
• Amazon: mahogany (Swietenia Macrophylla) – Jaguar (Panthera onca).
• Sabana de Palmeras: Palmera Aguaje (Flexuosa Mauritia) – Tucán Esmeralda (Aulacorhynchus PRASINUS).

To get an idea of ​​the great ecological importance representing the gigantic and varied Biodiversity of PeruThen we show you concrete figures of the number of wild species of animals and plants that exist in this beautiful country:

• Mammals: 460 species.
• Birds: 1,700 species.
• Reptiles: 365 species.
• Amphibians: 315 species.
• Fresh water fish: 1,064 species.
• Angiosperms plants: 20,000 species.

Each and every one of these species of animals and plants comply with an important and characteristic role within the proper functioning of the ecosystem to which it belongs, both small and large -scale. Therefore, knowing, conserving and protecting the biodiversity of this megadiverse country are vital tasks, in which both populations and local governments and tourists must participate.

In the next sections we will see in detail the different risk sources to which the current biodiversity of Peru is exposed, as well as many of the main actions that must be carried out to protect such biodiversity.

As we can imagine, the main factors that put animals and plants at risk in Peru They are due to the irresponsible action of human beings. These actions include:

• Deforestation and uncontrolled logging.
• Creation of monocultures and industrial agriculture with the consequent loss of wild flora and fauna.
• Pollution and destruction of natural habitats.
• Poaching and overfishing hunt. In these links you will find useful information on the causes and consequences of poaching and on the overexploitation of natural resources, their causes and consequences, such as overfishing or invasive mining farms.
• Industries and mining linked to an invasive and severely harmful natural resources extraction.
• Overpopulation and excessive growth of cities, thus fractioning the natural habitat of wild flora and fauna species.

Together with these anthropic activities that year after year they put the survival of thousands of animals and plants in Peru, various natural phenomena They also act by breaking the natural balance of the ecosystems in which they live. Among these natural agents that put the biodiversity of Peru at risk, the following stand out:

• Earthquakes
• Fires
• Floods
• Droughts
• Phenomena of El Niño and the Girl.

At the time of fight the different factors that put the biodiversity of Peru at riskit is important to become aware of the conservation of such biodiversity and promote the creation of preventive measures.

Both to deal with those factors of anthropic and natural origin, on the one hand, it will be important to have a registration of the number and characteristics of the species that inhabit the region that is being affected, as well as having laws and projects that avoid damaging and destroying the most vulnerable natural areas to risk factors. On the other hand, assistance to Environmental Education Programsas well as the visit to Natural reserves and parksit will always be very helpful to know the flora and fauna they make of Peru, a rich and beautiful megadiverse country.

To have more ideas on how to conserve biodiversity in Peru, we recommend these other ecology articles about biodiversity: what is, types and importance and conservation and protection of the environment: importance and measures.

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