The basis of the evolution of plants occurs, mainly, in its inability to move for themselves. Therefore, they have developed over time a series of reproduction -based mechanisms in order to guarantee the survival of the species itself. As a result we can differentiate within the Plantae kingdom, monoic and dioic plants. In the case of dioic plants, which are the ones that will occupy this article of Ecology Verde, we talk about plants capable of forming two gametes in the same individual. Here we will talk about What are dioic plants and examples Of these, their main characteristics and their difference with the monoos. You will be surprised to see that many of them are familiar to you, especially for their rich fruits. Do you feel like expanding your knowledge of botany? So, we invite you to continue reading and learning with us.
What are dioic plants and their characteristics
Dioic plants belong to Group of Angiospermas and are mainly characterized by having male flowers or female flowers. With this we mean that Each individual has a flower type Specifically, not the two sexes together. In fact, the dioic term, which comes from Greek, literally means two houses. Hence, it is often used in terms of botany to refer to specimens with flowers and seeds whose sex is distributed in different individuals. This does not mean that within the dioic plants there is no division of dicotyledonous or monocotyledonous plants.
In the same way, we must also remember that within the angiosperms plants we can also find monoic plants, those that have male and female flowers on the same foot, and with hermaphrodite flowers, that is, those that include female and male gametes in the same flower.
Dioic plants cannot self -pollinateso they cannot produce fertile seeds by themselves. Its only way is the cross pollination that must be done thanks to an external agent. Charles Darwin himself conducted a study in 1876 where he confirmed that dioic plants have reproductive advantage over other plants. This advantage lies in its reproduction method that is only performed by Cross pollinationthus ensuring an increase in variability. On the contrary, its greatest disadvantage is also found in its reproductive aspect where almost half of the population of male flowers does not produce seeds, so they have a greater difficulty of propagation and dispersion. Other studies relate the evolution of the dioacious plants with their distribution, especially since they are mostly tropical environments plants. They also relate to the formation of fresh fruits, as they have in most cases, so that they can be transported by animals to farthest areas. It even relates that many of the dioic plants are in coastal areas to increase their pollination and distribution thanks to climatic agents or through the sea.
Examples of dioic plants
Now that you know the main characteristics of the Dioic Planas we will make a Dioic plants list To identify them more easily. You will be surprised to recognize many of them, above all, because they are grown for economic purposes, either for consumption or for pharmacist.
- Delicious Actinidia or Kiwi
- Actinidia kolomikta or multicolored kiwi
- Cannabis sativa or marijuana
- CELASTRUS SCANDENS OR FALSE DULCAMARA
- Comptonia pilgrim or sweet fern
- CYCAS REVOLUTA OR FALSE PALMERA
- American Fraxinus or American white ash
- Ginkgo Biloba or Ginkgo
- Morus Alba or Morera Blanca
- Myrica pensylvanica or northern bayberry
- Nyssa Sylvatica or Tupelo
- American Persea or avocado
- Pimenta Dioica or AllSpice
- Vera pistacia or pistacher
- Populus tremuloids or poplar shade
- Phoenix Dactylifera or Datilera palm tree
- Salix Discolor or Sauce Cabruno
Differences between dioic and monoic plants
These are the differences between these two types of plants:
- The main difference between dioic and monoic plants is that flowers, even being unisexual are found in different feet. The monkey tell these imperfect flowers in the same individual.
- Dioica plants only produce a single type of gamete, male or female, per individual. This means that the reproductive organs of said plant can only be male or female, depending on the type of gametes that are generated, but not both in any case. In the case of monoic plants, they have the types of gametes regardless of whether they are hermaphrodite or unisexual flowers.
- Dioic plants cannot perform autogamy, since they do not have male and female flowers in the same individual. In your case, the only feasible reproduction system is xenogamy or cross pollination.
- Some monoic plants have developed a series of methods in order to avoid self -female, with this, as with dioic plants favor the possibility of greater genetic diversity, strengthening the survival of the species itself.
In this other summary you can learn more about monoic plants: what are, characteristics and examples.
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