BIODIGESTOR: What is and how works

A biodigester is a system that allows anaerobic decomposition of organic matter Like plant waste, animal manure, foods that have not been consumed and other organic waste.

The end of the biodigester is produce natural biogas and fertilizers. But what is biogas? The biogas consists of a mixture of gases in which methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), as well as other gases such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S). This biogas can be used to cook, generate electricity or as fuel for vehicles.

In addition to biogas production, the biodigester also produces a liquid by -product called digestatewhich, being rich in nutrients, can be used as a natural fertilizer in agriculture.

In this article you will find more information about what biogas and its uses are.

A biodigester works through an anaerobic decomposition process of organic matter. Next, we will explain step by step its operation:

1. Biodigester feed: The first step is to feed the biodigester with biodegradable organic matter, such as animal manure, plant residues, foods not consumed, among others. It is important that this matter is well crushed and previously decomposed to facilitate decomposition and increase the efficiency of the process.
2. Anaerobic digestion: Once organic materials are within the biodigester, an anaerobic environment is created, that is, without oxygen. This is possible thanks to the seal of the biodigester tightly to avoid air entry. The absence of oxygen promotes the activity of bacteria and other anaerobic microorganisms that decompose organic matter.
3. Biogas production: During anaerobic decomposition, microorganisms break down organic matter and gases, mainly methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). These gases are collected in the biodigester forming the biogas. The biogas being lighter than the air tends to accumulate at the top of the biodigester.
4. Storage and use of biogas: The biogas produced can be stored in an adequate storage deposit or system. From there, it can be used for various applications, such as electricity generation, heating, kitchen or even as vehicle fuel. To use biogas, a driving and control system is required that transports gas to the devices or systems that take advantage of it.
5. Digestate production: During the decomposition process, a liquid by -product called digestate is also generated. This material is rich in nutrients and can be used as a natural fertilizer in agriculture.

It is important to note that biodigesters can have different designs and sizes, thus being adapted to the needs and availability of organic materials of each context. In addition, proper monitoring and control of biodigester parameters, such as temperature, pH and organic load, to ensure efficient and stable process are required.

It is possible to build our own biodigester and thus obtain homemade biogas, for this certain basic materials and knowledge are required. Next, we offer you a guide to be able to build a well -type biodigester:

The necessary materials are:

• A container or deposit: It can be a plastic barrel, a water tank or any large and resistant container that can contain organic materials and biogas.
• Pipes: Pipes will be needed for the entry of organic matter and biogas output.
• Valves: to control the flow of materials and gases.
• Hermetic sealant: to ensure that the biodigester is well sealed and thus avoid gas leakage.

The steps to build the biodigester are:

1. Choose an adequate container: It must be a large enough container to store organic materials and gas.
2. Prepare the container: Make an opening at the top of the container for the entry of organic matter, and one output on the side for the biogas.
3. Prepare the biodigester base: Excavate a hole in the ground deep enough to bury part of the container to maintain a constant temperature and promote the activity of microorganisms.
4. Place the container in the hole: The container must be well level and stable in the excavated hole.
5. Connect the pipes: Connect a pipe in the container inlet opening to introduce organic materials. This must be long enough to reach soil level.
6. Seal connections: Use hermetic sealant to ensure that pipe connections are well sealed and avoid leaks.
7. Add organic materials: Organic materials to the biodigester are added through the inlet pipe.
8. Close the biodigester: Place a hermetic lid on the top of the container and secure it correctly to ensure the anaerobic environment.
9. Collect the biogas: with a pipe connected to the gas outlet to collect the biogas that will be generated in the biodigester.

The construction of a homemade biodigester requires precaution and basic knowledge of plumbing.

Advantages of a biodigester

• Renewable energy generation: Biodigesters produce biogas, which is a renewable energy source.
• Organic waste reduction: Biodigesters allow to take advantage of organic waste.
• Natural fertilizer: Digestate, a liquid by -product of the biodigester process, is rich in nutrients and can be used as a natural fertilizer in agriculture.
• Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions: When capturing and using the biogas produced in the biodigester, the release of methane to the atmosphere is avoided.

Disadvantages of a biodigester

• Requires initial investment: Building a biodigester may require a significant initial investment in equipment and materials.
• Requires maintenance and care: Biodigesters need adequate maintenance and care to ensure optimal functioning.
• Need for constant supply of organic matter: so that the biodigester works effectively.
• Limited impact on urban areas: Biodigesters are usually more viable in rural areas or with a constant supply of organic waste.

If you want to read more articles similar to BIODIGESTOR: What is and how workswe recommend that you enter our recycling and waste management category.