“Think well before making a decision.” “Reflect on what you did.” How many times in life we have been invited to use thought and reflection in the face of a problematic situation.
The human being evolved thanks to the thought and rationality, the provision of the results of a given behavior or a given situation has meant that we could protect ourselves from even very negative consequences.
The reflection, however, on unwanted results has allowed us to understand and learn from experience how to change things. However, these processes, when pathological, are also the basis of the onset of some ailments and maintain their presence.
Mobble
The mobblein the first instance, it is a style of thought that unites many anxiety disorders and is characterized by the concatenation of thoughts with negative and relatively uncontrollable value, activated in an attempt to set in motion a mental problem solving on a question with an uncertain result (Borkovec et al. 1983).
The issues of mobble I am classically anticipated a future threat, also activated by simple decision -making processes or more generalized to perceived situations as potentially threatening.
It therefore becomes a strategy of regulating concerns that implies the construction of future negative scenarios, restricting attention to potential problems to anticipate its results, thinking how in an internal dialogue made of recursiveness and uniftering hypotheses.
We all spontaneously tend to use verbalization as a strategy of managing anxiety and disengagement from too full emotions and capable of evoking activating responses, but what happens in mobble Pathological is that this process, once triggered, is hardly interrupted and becomes extremely expensive in terms of cognitive resources, thus also perpetrating emotional suffering.
This becomes an extreme and persevering form of concern mainly in generalized anxiety disorder, where the same mobble Most become the subject of mobble (“This concern will make me crazy”) but also in other disorders with anxious component such as social anxiety disorder, panic disorder or in health anxiety disorder, within which the various topics of concern trigger the mobble Which becomes pervasive and sets further functional management strategies and a state of continuous alert.
Rumination
There rumination Instead, it is a form of persistent, circular and depressive thought, which turns its attention to the fact of having a negative mood, the symptoms of this condition, the causes, meanings and consequences.
These thoughts do not lead to planned problem solving methods, on the contrary, they have a paralysis and impotence effect in the face of emotional suffering (“Why can’t I get out of it?”; “What’s wrong with me?”). The themes are usually oriented to the past, such as losses or personal failures, stressful situations lived and other negative events, which are analyzed in a cognitive research effort of the possible causes and consequences.
There rumination It is typically associated with the development of depressive feelings and the relationship between ruminationEe depression has been widely investigated, however this is not the only sphere of psychopathology involving the rumination. In fact, this has a role in the onset of post-traumatic symptoms following exposure to an event, in social anxiety disorder as a phenomenon of analysis of social experience after it has ended, in the disorders from the use of substances and alcohol as a facilitator of craving and the risk of relapse and finally it seems to have an important role in personality disorders of the dramatic cluster.
There ruminationin the presence of symptoms of psychological suffering, intensifies and extends the duration and chances of a chronicity. Four mechanisms are identified by means of which the rumination It is able to prolong the duration of psychological suffering.
First, the rumination It intensifies the effects of depressed mood on thought, increasing the probability of the onset of negative thoughts and memories. Secondly the rumination It interferes with effective problem solving, in particular making the thoughts more pessimistic and more fatalistic and reducing the motivation to change. In addition, the rumination It stimulates avoidance and damages interpersonal relationships.
Because of their characteristics that, as we have seen, maintain and aggravate some of the most common psychological disorders such as anxiety disorders and depression, these two processes have therefore been the subject of therapeutic intervention for some time, with particular attention from the third generation approaches of cognitive-behavioral therapy, which prefer an intervention precisely on the processes, rather than on the content of the more or less repetitive thoughts that cross the minds of all of us, thus making an effective intervention possible.
