Flora and fauna of Peru

Peru presents one Great diversity of ecoregionsadding a total of 11. The truth is that there are many species of flora and fauna of Peru and, therefore, it is difficult to find some common factor among so many species. However, Peru can be divided, in very general terms, in 3 large regions. From this division in regions, we will mention some characteristics of the biodiversity of each of them.

• Biodiversity of the Amazon Jungle Region. The Amazon jungle occupies more than half of the surface of Peru. In fact, the variety of species that houses the jungle is so great, which it is estimated that all species have not yet been discovered. As for biodiversity characteristics, species are adapted to a tropical and humid climate.
• Biodiversity of the region of mountains and mountains. This region corresponds to the Peruvian Andes and has heights of up to more than 6,000 meters. The biodiversity of this region is adapted to the height and tempered and very dry air climate.
• Biodiversity of the coastal region. The coastal region is strongly influenced by the presence of the Pacific Ocean. Consequently, species are adapted to living under a semi -warm and very arid climate.

If you want to continue knowing more on the subject, we recommend this other article on biodiversity in Peru: characteristics and importance.

Next we will develop the most relevant species that are part of the vegetation of Peru.

Orchids

Orchids are a group of plants originating in South America and are very present in Peru. These are epiphytic or terrestrial plants, with very colorful flowers. In Peru they can be found both in the jungle region, as the species Phragmipedium kovachiiin the region of mountains and mountains, for example the species Masdevallia veitchiana And, also, in the coastal region, as is the species Maxima Cattleya.

If you want to know more about epiphytic plants: what are, types and examples, visit this other article that we recommend from Ecology Verde.

Puya

This species (Puya Raimondii) is native to the region of mountains and mountains and, unfortunately, it is one of the plants in Danger of extinction of Peru. According to IUCN, it has been classified as endangered due mainly due to the severe modification that its habitat has suffered.

Peruvian cotton

The species of Peruvian cotton (Gossypium Barbadense) is native to the country’s coastal region. It is a bush that produces cotton fibersalso presents antifungal properties and some use it for its medicinal benefits to treat hypertension.

Mahogany

The native mahogany of South America is the scientifically call as Swietenia Macrophylla And, in Peru, it is specifically in the Amazon rainforest region. It is a tree of almost 50 meters high, whose wood has an important value in cabinetmaking.

Other species of plants from Peru

• Pink stick (Aniba Rosaeodora)
• Hare leg (Punotia Lagopus)
• Chastudo (Oreocereus LeucoTrichus)
• Pitahaya (Hylocereus megalanthus)
• Tongue (Trichocentrum tigrinum)
• Borosisa (Stanhopea Candida)

Do not hesitate to read this ecology article about plants in danger of extinction in Peru to know more about the vegetation of Peru.

In the next paragraphs we will develop those species that are part of the animals of Peru.

Glasses of glasses

The glasses of glasses (Tremarctos ornatus) is the only kind of present bear In South America and, precisely, its distribution covers the entire region of mountains and mountains of Peru. This species is characterized by the presence of white or yellow spots close to their eyes that resemble glasses, hence its name. Here you can read why the glasses is in danger of extinction.

Humboldt penguin

This kind of penguin (Spheniscus Humboldti) has a distribution that covers the entire coastal region of Peru and part of the coast of Chile. Sadly, it is one of the animals in Danger of extinction of Peru, since it has been classified by IUCN as vulnerable to extinction. Its state of vulnerability is due to the decrease in its main food: anchovy.

Gallito de las Rocas

This peculiar bird (RUPICOLA PERUVIANUS) It is native to both the Amazon region and the region of Sierras and Mountains. It stands out for the vivid plumage colorationwhich is typical of males. In contrast, females have a somewhat more off brown coloration.

Dotted frog

The dotted frog (Boana punctatus) It is an endemic species of South America whose distribution includes the Amazon region of Peru. Curiously, Its coloration changes According to the day or night: during the day its back is rather light green with dark points and during the night the color of the back becomes reddish.

Palo Cabezona lizard

The lizard of Palo Cabezona (Inyalioides Laticeps) It is a kind of endemic lizard of the Amazon and its distribution covers the entire east of Peru. It is characterized by its army and daytime behavior and its food based mainly on arthropods.

Other species of animals in Peru

• Vicuña (Vicugna Vicugna)
• Jaguar (Panthera onca)
• Puma (Puma concolor)
• Suri (Rhea Pennata)
• Macaws (Ara spp.)
• Andean condor (Vultur Gryphus)
• WIDTH (ENGRAULIS RINGENS)
• Green anaconda (Eunectes Murinus)
• Paicha (Arapaima Gigas)
• Cut (PHYTOTOMA RAIMONDII)

We show you 20 animals in danger of extinction of Peru so you can know more about the animals of Peru.

If you want to read more articles similar to Flora and fauna of Peruwe recommend that you enter our biodiversity category.