Montreal protocol: what is, participating countries and objectives

He Montreal protocol It is an international environmental agreement whose main foundation is based on the protection of the ozone layer. Its negotiation and writing began on September 16, 1987 in the Canadian city of Montreal, following the previous celebration of the Vienna Agreement for the protection of the ozone layer (Signed by 28 countries, on March 22, 1985).

Focused on the elimination of emissions from exhausting substances of the ozone layer (bag) Generated worldwide, the Montreal protocol proposes different objectives to achieve the reduction in the production and consumption of these substances, until they reach the partial or total elimination of them.

So that you deepen more in the relevance of this protocol and the environmental situation that was created, we recommend you read this other ecology article about why the ozone layer and this other about the destruction of the ozone layer: definition, causes and consequences is so important.

In the next sections of this article we will know the countries that signed the Montreal protocol and we will deepen the environmental, political and social principles of said protocol.

Environmental leaders and officials of the 197 countries that signed the Montreal protocolthey met in the Canadian city to analyze and propose different measures that guarantee the Ozone layer protectionas well as the Greenhouse gases reductionone of the main causes of the global warming of the global of the Earth.

Both the countries of the European Union and the member states of the micronsia, as well as the United Nations member countries, were the participants of this important protocol. Each and every one of them joined their efforts, initiatives and ambitions focused on compliance with the different principles of the Montreal protocol that we detail in the following section.

He main objective of the Montreal protocolas we have already indicated before, is the Ozone layer protection. For this, measures were proposed in order to control the world’s total production of the different substances that exhaust the ozone layer optimally and efficiently, that is, they are negatively involved in the maintenance and conservation of it.

Surveying the most advanced scientific knowledge and technological information, the measures established in the Montreal protocol were structured according to the nature and characteristics of various groups of Ozone destructive substances. These groups of chemical substances were classified and listed in the annexes of the text written by the Montreal protocol. In this way, the Production and consumption control of almost 100 chemical substancesfor whose gradual elimination, this protocol established a specific calendar.

The application of the objectives of the Montreal protocol were satisfactorily progressing both in developed countries and in those in the process of development. The elimination calendars of the chemical substances that exhaust the ozone layer were respected in the vast majority of cases, some even before the planned calendar, although others have not come to have the planned compliance pace. Due to the constant progress that characterized the Montreal protocol, already in 2003, it was considered by many experts such as “the most successful international agreement to date”, thus becoming, both the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol, in the first treaties and protocols of the United Nations history in achieving universal ratification.

Subsequently, in November 2017 the last of the Montreal Protocol measures, the call was added Kigali amendment, with the objective of reducing both production and the consumption of the so -called Hydrofluorocarbones (HFC) gases and their products, mainly generated in air conditioners and refrigerators. This amendment entered into force on January 1 of this 2019, specifically proposing the reduction of these 80%HFC gases, thus avoiding the issuance of the atmosphere of around 70 million tons of the CO2 equivalent, between the 2020s and 2050s.

To have an idea of ​​how you can collaborate individually to the preservation of this vital layer on our planet, you can consult this other post on how to take care of the ozone layer and see this video of our YouTube channel.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=slz8-ksh6ie

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