Seed -free plants are one of the most archaic life forms of our planet, but despite existing since practically the beginnings of life on earth, today many of their species have become extinct, but many others still last among us. Some are well known, such as ferns, who are in many parts of the world in nature and also in homes, but there is more variety.
If you still don’t know them well and want seeds without seeds, its characteristics and examples easy
Characteristics of seedless plants
Unlike angiosperms and gymnosperms, seeds without seeds They do not produce, as the name implies, seeds of any kind, and therefore Nor have flowers or fruits. Seed -free plants are also characterized by their wide spread due to their reproduction system, which we detail a little below, and for having a waterproof cuticle, which makes them more resistant to sudden changes in environmental weather. For this reason, although the majority of seedless plants require wet environments to prosper, they are very resistant to droughts or areas with a large -intensity insolation.
For all these characteristics, they are usually the first vegetation in colonizing arid areas or where the vegetation has been eradicated.
How are seedless plants reproduce
This type of plants has two forms of reproduction: one sexual reproduction by sporesand one asexual reproduction by fragmentation.
The plants that are reproduced by spores store the so -called spores are cavities or low sacks their leaves called sporangios, which keep them there until they are fertilized, at which time they are released so that external agents, such as air and water, transport them to new destinations. This type of reproduction has several advantages, such as that it consumes very little energy and that spores are not as susceptible to animal depredation such as seeds, since they barely have nutrients. On the other hand, the spores are more easily attacked by bacteria and fungi.
Fragmentation reproduction occurs when a plant in contact with water roads is clear from a portion or fragment of itself so that it is taken to a new area in which to fix and grow.
Non -vascular seed plants: examples of briophyte plants
Broophyte plants are plants without non -vascular seeds, which are divided into mosses, antholeros and liver. They are reduced plants, reaching very rarely heights of up to 20 cm, and always grow in humid places. They have no stems, leaves or roots themselves. Some BRIOPHITS OR PLANTS WITHOUT VASCULAR SEEDS are:
Mushrooms
- Holy: These mushrooms, usually called basquel mosses, are able to retain large amounts of water, so they are widely used in gardening to provide water balance.
- Polytrichum: The so -called hair moss receives his name from the hairs that cover him, thus giving him his appearance of exuberant and dense carpet.
- Pulvinata Grimmia: This moss produces formations of tones between green and gray, and tends to live on limestone rocks or walls and ceilings. It is the most common to see in cement.
Antoceros
- Anthoceros Aggesis: The so -called Horn or Bocina flower flower.
- Leiosporoceros Dussii: This is the only species of its gender, and male specimens have not yet been found.
Hepatic
- Ricciocarpus Natans: This hepatic is aquatic and can be found in North and South America, as well as in Europe, Japan and southern Australia.
- Knaphalum conicum: also called snake or hepatic skin hepatic head.
- Mannia Rupestris: of the genus Mannia, which includes 13 accepted species.
Seed -free vascular plants: examples of pteridophyte plants
The Vascular plants without seeds or pteridophyte plants They have Vascular fabricwhich is responsible for transporting water and nutrients inside the plant. Thanks to this fabric, vascular plants have been able to develop to much larger sizes. Although, as with seeds without seeds in general, most have already been extinguished, but we can still find some of them.
- Licófitas They are very similar to mosses, but they have vascular tissue. The resurrection plant is its most common example, which dries but recovers when receiving water until 14 years later.
- The ferns They are the most common to see currently, and stand out for their striking and large fronds and for their characteristics of violin, which give rise to the former. They are typical of tropical jungles.
- Horse tails They have hollow stems like those of the reeds and are easy to find in swampy areas. Some of its varieties are the EQUISETUM ARVENSE SEROTINUM and the EQUISETUM ARVENSE NEMOROSUM.
- The psilotum They form green stems that branch devoid of leaves and with yellow sporangia, giving an appearance similar to that of the brush brush. Its two species are the Psilotum complanatum and the PSILOTUM NUDUM.
Discover more about them in this other article about pteridophyte plants: what are, types and examples.
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