Ecology is the study of organism communities, the ecosystems that inhabit, the relations between these species and with their own environment. Ecology is, therefore, a fairly wide science, in terms of its field of study. However, we can divide ecology into smaller branches. Two of these branches are self -ecology and sinecology.
In this Ecology Verde, we analyze the Difference between autoecology and sinecology and examples of each of them.
What is sinecology and examples
Sinhecology is the branch of ecology that studies how the communities of an ecosystem are composed and structuredits variations in time, the relations between the different species in the community and between the Earth’s ecosystems. He SINECOLOGICAL STUDY of a community can be done following two points of view:
- Descriptive sinecology It uses a static point of view, that is, it is limited to describing the groups of species that inhabit a specific ecosystem. From descriptive sinecology we can obtain data on the specific composition of a community, abundance data, frequencies, constancy or its spatial distributions.
- Functional sinecology Use a much more dynamic point. This approach considers two aspects. On the one hand, it aims to describe the evolution of two groups and evaluate the influences that allow its existence in that determined environment and on the other, study the exchanges of matter and energy between all the components of the ecosystem. A example of synecology It is the study of the food chain, biomass or energy that is established in that ecosystem.
SINECOLOGY APPLICATIONS WITH EXAMPLES
He SINECOLOGY STUDY offers a wide range of applications that are very useful in the Study of the Environment. A very interesting type of application of the sinecology is to compare the aforementioned indices between several terrestrial ecosystems and relate them to the degree of contamination existing in the soil or with the present vegetation. Some of these studies already carried out have found that the degree of contamination of a medium, produces loss of the biodiversity of the ecosystem and degrading it. This is because all species, both vegetable and animals, have a maximum level of tolerance to certain pollutants. Once this limit is exceeded, the species become more vulnerable and begin to decrease, degrading with them the ecosystem.
Another application is, for example, to divide plant species according to the height on the ground that reach their perennial tissues, so that we have plants classes. This is a way to find out the strategies that the plants follow to adapt to the climatic conditions of their ecosystem. Thus, the studies have found that the majority of plants in the most humid tropics are phanerofitos (plants that rise to 25 cm on the ground), epiphytes (plants that grow on another vegetable) and lianas, in the desert there are a majority of thermophytic plants (they complete their life cycle only in the favorable station) and in tropical and subtropical non -humid regions there are a majority of succulent plants (which accumulate amounts of water)
Another application is the Study of the distribution of species in the environment. This can be divided into three:
- Random form: All areas of space have the same probability of being occupied and the presence of one does not affect the location of another.
- Uniform form: All areas of space have the same probability of being occupied and the presence of one affects the location of another.
- Grouped form: All areas of space may or may not have the same probability of being occupied and the presence of one affects the location of another.
What is autoecology and examples
Self -ecology It is the branch of ecology that is responsible for study the adaptations suffered by a species In order to inhabit its specific ecosystem, that is, the physiological, morphological and ethological characteristics that allow it to deal with the abiotic or biotic conditions of the ecosystem in which it lives. These adaptations are usually common in the members of the population and inherited. Evolution can give:
- Homologous organs: They are similar organs and with the same embryonic origin in two different species, but with different function.
- Analog organs: They are similar organs in terms of morphology and function in two different species, but different in their embryonic origin.
In short, the Clear difference between autoecology and sinecology It is that both branches differ in the fact that self -ecology studies individual species relationships with its environment and sinecology several species.
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