In the Fossa delle Marianne, between 6,000 and 10,900 meters deep, more than 7,500 species of microorganisms were discovered (89% unknown).
There is a surprising variety of microorganisms in the Fossa delle Marianne, between 6,000 and 10,900 meters deep. So far it was thought that in the Adale of the Oceans (environments located at depth above 6,000 meters below sea level: among the less explored ecosystems on the planet) there were no living beings, due to extreme pressure and frozen temperatures.
Instead a research conducted by Shanghai Jiao Tong University, in collaboration with the University of Copenhagen and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, published in the magazine Cellrevealed the presence of an extraordinary taxonomic variety: more than 7,500 species of microorganisms, 89% unknown.
The research method. Despite the extreme conditions, thanks to the progress of technology, the research is going more and deeper. In particular the submarine Fenouzhe It allowed more precise and frequent surveys, with a sampling capacity of 220 kg of material and a time of stay on the bottom of the six -hour ocean.
The Mariana Trentch Environment and Ecology Research (Meer) project provided the first systematic exploration of microbial and macropunistic life to depth of over 10,000 meters. The researchers used the Metagenomic sequencing (a genetic analysis technique that allows you to study the entire genetic heritage of a community of microorganisms present in a certain environment, without the need to isolate and cultivate the individual organisms) on a large scale and theamplicone (a fragment of DNA or RNA that has been created as a product of an amplification reaction, such as the polymerase chain reaction) of the 16S RRNA gene, to study the microbial diversity and the Adaptation strategies in the Adale area.
The mission. During the TS21 shipping, they were conducted 33 divinggathering 1,648 samples of sediments, 12 sea water filters and numerous macroorganisms samples. The samples were collected in the Fossa di Yap and in the Basin of the Philippines, at 6,000-10,900 meters. The Metagenomic sequencing of 1,194 samples has identifying 7,564 microbial speciesof which 89.4% unknown so far. Among the samples collected also two representative species of the adalic macrofauna, adalic amphipods (Hirondellea Gigas) and the adalic snail fish (Pseudoliparis swirei).
